A human resources for health (HRH) monitoring and evaluation (M&E) plan is a fundamental component of national efforts to strengthen the health workforce. The purpose of a national M&E plan for HRH is to guide the measurement of and monitor progress in the implementation of a country’s HRH strategic and/or operational plan. Monitoring and evaluation are both critical to assessing programmatic progress toward national goals, objectives, and targets. M&E can measure progress, identify areas for improvement, explain why a strategy is or is not working, and suggest corrective strategies.