The Department of Performance Monitoring and Evaluation (DPME) was established on the principle that the systematic use of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) evidence in policy, planning and implementation is essential for continuous performance improvement. To date, the focus has been on putting in place the internal architecture of government’s performance monitoring system – the delivery agreements, progress reporting against the delivery agreements, the Management Performance Assessment Tool (MPAT), frontline services delivery monitoring etc. These systems are now in place and are supporting the uptake of monitoring and evaluation as a required practice in government. What remains largely missing from government’s monitoring system however, is the citizens’ experience of government services and the systematic use of this evidence to improve performance.